1892-93 Football League Second Division Season

132 games

Final

Promoted

Sheffield United

via playoff

Darwen · via playoff

Relegated

Bootle

via dissolution

Biggest Overachiever

Small Heath Birmingham

10.40 points above expected

36 points · 25.60 expected points

Biggest Disappointment

Walsall Town Swifts

7.08 points below expected

13 points · 20.08 expected points

League Table

The final standings for the season. vsSim shows actual points minus the simulation's mean — positive means the team overachieved against the model, negative means they underperformed.

# Team GP W D L Pts GF GA GD SimPts vsSim
1 Small Heath Birmingham 22 17 2 3 36 90 35 +55 25.60 +10.40
2 Sheffield United Promoted 22 16 3 3 35 62 19 +43 25.87 +9.13
3 Darwen Promoted 22 14 2 6 30 60 36 +24 20.15 +9.85
4 Grimsby Town 22 11 1 10 23 42 41 +1 23.15 -0.15
5 Ardwick 22 9 3 10 21 45 40 +5 23.47 -2.47
6 Burton Swifts 22 9 2 11 20 47 47 0 22.70 -2.70
7 Northwich Victoria 22 9 2 11 20 42 58 -16 20.81 -0.81
8 Bootle Dissolved 22 8 3 11 19 49 63 -14 20.68 -1.68
9 Lincoln City 22 7 3 12 17 45 51 -6 21.67 -4.67
10 Crewe Alexandra 22 6 3 13 15 42 69 -27 20.17 -5.17
11 Port Vale 22 6 3 13 15 30 57 -27 19.66 -4.66
12 Walsall Town Swifts 22 5 3 14 13 37 75 -38 20.08 -7.08

Notes

  • Bootle resigned from the league at the end of the season and liquidated.

Form

Each team's 5-game rolling points-per-game across the season. Hot streaks push above the dashed 1.5 PPG reference line; cold spells drop below. Each team gets a distinct color; the legend below the plot lets you read off which line is which. (First 4 games of each team have no rolling window, so the lines start at game 5.)

League Race

Cumulative points across the season for each team. Highlighted teams are drawn in color (top finishers for the Title Race, bottom finishers for the Relegation Race); the rest of the league appears in light gray as context. Switch views with the buttons below.

Season Summary

Every team's regular-season finish compared against 100,000 simulations. Click any column header to sort. Luck is the team's actual points minus the sim's mean — positive means the team beat the model. Percentile is where the actual result fell in the team's sim distribution (e.g. 90% = the team did this well or better in only 10% of sims).

Team Elo Points Avg Luck Percentile Min 5th Q1 Median Q3 95th Max
Sheffield United 1867 35 25.87 +9.13 99.7% 12 20 23 26 28 32 39
Small Heath Birmingham 1864 36 25.60 +10.40 100.0% 12 20 23 26 28 31 37
Grimsby Town 1711 23 23.15 -0.15 53.5% 10 17 21 23 26 29 36
Ardwick 1690 21 23.47 -2.47 29.1% 9 18 21 23 26 29 36
Darwen 1689 30 20.15 +9.85 99.7% 8 14 18 20 23 26 33
Burton Swifts 1665 20 22.70 -2.70 27.0% 8 17 20 23 25 29 37
Lincoln City 1659 17 21.67 -4.67 12.7% 8 16 19 22 24 28 33
Bootle 1649 19 20.68 -1.68 37.4% 6 15 18 21 23 27 34
Crewe Alexandra 1612 15 20.17 -5.17 10.3% 8 14 18 20 23 26 34
Northwich Victoria 1611 20 20.81 -0.81 46.6% 6 15 18 21 23 27 35
Walsall Town Swifts 1586 13 20.08 -7.08 3.3% 6 14 18 20 23 26 34
Port Vale 1572 15 19.66 -4.66 12.5% 7 14 17 20 22 26 36

Head-to-Head

Each cell shows a team's record in that matchup (row vs column, formatted W-D-L) with the model's expected points on the line below. Navy-tinted cells mean the team beat the model's expectations by more than one point in that matchup; gold-tinted cells mean they fell short by the same margin.

Beat expectations Fell short Within expectations
Team ARD BOO BS CA DAR GT LC NV PV SU SHB WTS
Ardwick
1-0-1
3.14
0-1-1
3.02
1-0-1
3.09
1-0-1
3.44
0-0-2
3.09
1-0-1
3.05
1-1-0
3.08
2-0-0
3.15
0-0-2
2.20
0-1-1
2.53
2-0-0
3.29
Bootle
1-0-1
2.46
1-0-1
2.55
1-0-1
2.84
1-0-1
2.73
1-0-1
2.49
1-0-1
2.69
0-0-2
2.71
0-2-0
2.72
1-0-1
2.59
0-0-2
2.17
1-1-0
2.86
Burton Swifts
1-1-0
2.58
1-0-1
3.05
2-0-0
2.91
1-0-1
3.34
1-0-1
2.67
1-0-1
3.00
1-0-1
3.08
0-1-1
3.18
0-0-2
2.09
0-0-2
2.75
1-0-1
3.25
Crewe Alexandra
1-0-1
2.52
1-0-1
2.76
0-0-2
2.69
0-1-1
2.71
1-0-1
2.63
1-1-0
2.61
1-0-1
2.82
1-0-1
2.74
0-0-2
1.72
0-0-2
2.02
0-1-1
2.87
Darwen
1-0-1
2.16
1-0-1
2.87
1-0-1
2.26
1-1-0
2.89
2-0-0
2.36
1-1-0
2.73
1-0-1
3.09
2-0-0
2.49
1-0-1
2.47
1-0-1
2.26
2-0-0
2.34
Grimsby Town
2-0-0
2.51
1-0-1
3.10
1-0-1
2.92
1-0-1
2.97
0-0-2
3.25
1-1-0
3.13
1-0-1
2.96
2-0-0
3.62
0-0-2
2.48
1-0-1
2.45
1-0-1
3.23
Lincoln City
1-0-1
2.55
1-0-1
2.91
1-0-1
2.60
0-1-1
2.99
0-1-1
2.87
0-1-1
2.48
1-0-1
2.94
1-0-1
2.89
1-0-1
2.74
0-0-2
2.20
1-0-1
3.11
Northwich Victoria
0-1-1
2.53
2-0-0
2.89
1-0-1
2.52
1-0-1
2.79
1-0-1
2.51
1-0-1
2.64
1-0-1
2.66
0-0-2
3.21
0-1-1
2.09
0-0-2
2.21
2-0-0
2.99
Port Vale
0-0-2
2.45
0-2-0
2.88
1-1-0
2.43
1-0-1
2.86
0-0-2
3.11
0-0-2
1.99
1-0-1
2.71
2-0-0
2.40
0-0-2
2.23
0-0-2
1.77
1-0-1
2.53
Sheffield United
2-0-0
3.41
1-0-1
3.02
2-0-0
3.51
2-0-0
3.90
1-0-1
3.14
2-0-0
3.11
1-0-1
2.86
1-1-0
3.53
2-0-0
3.40
1-1-0
2.59
1-1-0
4.19
Small Heath Birmingham
1-1-0
3.10
2-0-0
3.45
2-0-0
2.85
2-0-0
3.58
1-0-1
3.34
1-0-1
3.16
2-0-0
3.40
2-0-0
3.41
2-0-0
3.83
0-1-1
3.02
2-0-0
3.10
Walsall Town Swifts
0-0-2
2.32
0-1-1
2.75
1-0-1
2.36
1-1-0
2.73
0-0-2
3.27
1-0-1
2.39
1-0-1
2.49
0-0-2
2.61
1-0-1
3.07
0-1-1
1.43
0-0-2
2.51

Points vs. Goals Scored, Allowed, and Differential

Points plotted against goals scored, allowed, and differential. Use the buttons to switch views; hover a team for exact values. The table gives each fit's R² and slope (the change in points per 10 goals).

Fit Metrics

Slope
Scored 0.77 +4.3
Allowed 0.76 -4.2
Differential 0.95 +2.6

Scoreline Distribution

Percentage of games ending with each combination of team-goals (rows) and opponent-goals (columns). The diagonal shows draws; cells below the diagonal are wins from the row team's perspective, cells above are losses. Marginal totals on the right and bottom show how often each goal count occurred regardless of opponent. Use the picker to switch between the league-wide view and any individual team.

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
00.76%2.65%4.17%3.79%2.27%2.65%16.29%
12.65%6.06%4.55%5.30%3.03%3.41%25.00%
24.17%4.55%2.27%4.55%3.03%1.52%20.08%
33.79%5.30%4.55%1.52%1.14%1.89%18.18%
42.27%3.03%3.03%1.14%0.76%10.23%
5+2.65%3.41%1.52%1.89%0.76%10.23%
Total16.29%25.00%20.08%18.18%10.23%10.23%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.24 2.24 +0.00
SD 1.88 1.88 2.97
CV 0.84 0.84
Max 12 12 +12
Min 0 0 -12

Games Played: 132

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
09.09%4.55%13.64%
19.09%9.09%4.55%4.55%27.27%
29.09%4.55%4.55%9.09%27.27%
34.55%9.09%4.55%18.18%
49.09%9.09%
5+4.55%4.55%
Total18.18%22.73%31.82%18.18%4.55%4.55%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.05 1.82 +0.23
SD 1.62 1.33 2.39
CV 0.79 0.73
Max 7 5 +7
Min 0 0 -3

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%9.09%4.55%18.18%
14.55%9.09%4.55%4.55%22.73%
24.55%4.55%4.55%9.09%22.73%
34.55%4.55%4.55%13.64%
44.55%4.55%9.09%
5+9.09%4.55%13.64%
Total9.09%27.27%13.64%18.18%9.09%22.73%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.23 2.86 -0.64
SD 1.88 2.23 3.17
CV 0.84 0.78
Max 7 8 +6
Min 0 0 -7

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%4.55%4.55%18.18%
14.55%4.55%4.55%4.55%18.18%
29.09%4.55%18.18%31.82%
39.09%4.55%13.64%
49.09%9.09%
5+9.09%9.09%
Total9.09%22.73%27.27%31.82%4.55%4.55%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.14 2.14 +0.00
SD 1.75 1.25 2.45
CV 0.82 0.58
Max 7 5 +6
Min 0 0 -4

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
013.64%4.55%18.18%
14.55%4.55%4.55%9.09%9.09%4.55%36.36%
24.55%4.55%4.55%13.64%
34.55%4.55%9.09%
49.09%4.55%13.64%
5+4.55%4.55%9.09%
Total9.09%18.18%13.64%13.64%27.27%18.18%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.91 3.14 -1.23
SD 1.63 2.10 2.96
CV 0.85 0.67
Max 5 7 +5
Min 0 0 -6

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%9.09%
14.55%4.55%4.55%13.64%
24.55%4.55%4.55%9.09%4.55%27.27%
34.55%18.18%22.73%
44.55%4.55%4.55%13.64%
5+4.55%4.55%4.55%13.64%
Total18.18%40.91%13.64%18.18%4.55%4.55%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.73 1.64 +1.09
SD 1.78 1.36 2.31
CV 0.65 0.83
Max 7 5 +5
Min 0 0 -4

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
013.64%4.55%18.18%
14.55%9.09%9.09%22.73%
29.09%4.55%4.55%18.18%
313.64%4.55%4.55%9.09%31.82%
49.09%9.09%
5+
Total36.36%22.73%13.64%9.09%18.18%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.91 1.86 +0.05
SD 1.31 2.27 2.75
CV 0.68 1.22
Max 4 8 +4
Min 0 0 -5

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
0
14.55%9.09%9.09%13.64%13.64%50.00%
29.09%4.55%9.09%22.73%
34.55%9.09%13.64%
4
5+13.64%13.64%
Total4.55%36.36%13.64%13.64%31.82%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.05 2.32 -0.27
SD 1.40 1.39 2.23
CV 0.68 0.60
Max 5 4 +4
Min 1 0 -3

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%4.55%4.55%18.18%
14.55%9.09%4.55%9.09%4.55%31.82%
29.09%9.09%4.55%22.73%
39.09%9.09%
44.55%4.55%
5+9.09%4.55%13.64%
Total4.55%22.73%27.27%18.18%13.64%13.64%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.91 2.64 -0.73
SD 1.63 1.65 2.57
CV 0.85 0.63
Max 5 6 +3
Min 0 0 -6

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%9.09%9.09%4.55%9.09%40.91%
14.55%4.55%9.09%4.55%4.55%27.27%
24.55%4.55%
34.55%4.55%9.09%
44.55%4.55%4.55%4.55%18.18%
5+
Total18.18%13.64%22.73%18.18%13.64%13.64%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.36 2.59 -1.23
SD 1.56 2.28 3.13
CV 1.14 0.88
Max 4 10 +4
Min 0 0 -10

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%9.09%
14.55%13.64%4.55%22.73%
213.64%4.55%18.18%
39.09%9.09%4.55%22.73%
413.64%4.55%18.18%
5+4.55%4.55%9.09%
Total45.45%31.82%13.64%9.09%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.82 0.86 +1.95
SD 2.38 0.99 2.61
CV 0.85 1.15
Max 10 3 +10
Min 0 0 -2

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%4.55%
14.55%4.55%
24.55%4.55%9.09%
34.55%9.09%18.18%4.55%36.36%
49.09%4.55%13.64%
5+13.64%4.55%9.09%4.55%31.82%
Total18.18%27.27%36.36%13.64%4.55%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 4.09 1.59 +2.50
SD 2.56 1.10 3.07
CV 0.63 0.69
Max 12 4 +12
Min 0 0 -2

Games Played: 22

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
04.55%13.64%9.09%27.27%
14.55%4.55%9.09%4.55%22.73%
24.55%9.09%4.55%4.55%22.73%
34.55%4.55%4.55%4.55%18.18%
44.55%4.55%
5+4.55%4.55%
Total4.55%13.64%13.64%36.36%9.09%22.73%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.68 3.41 -1.73
SD 1.55 2.50 3.17
CV 0.92 0.73
Max 6 12 +3
Min 0 0 -12

Games Played: 22

Home-Field Advantage Edge

The simulation applies the same home-field boost to every game across the league, so the per-game home win probabilities bake in the model's idea of HFA. For each team, we sum expected points at home and compare to actual home points, and the same on the road. The bar shows (home points above expected) minus (away points above expected). A tall positive bar means the team's home/road split exceeded what the model predicted — a real fortress effect. A tall negative bar means the reverse: they played worse at home or better on the road than expected.

Top Overachievers & Disappointments

Teams that most beat — or most fell short of — their simulated point projections. A positive vsSim means the team accumulated more points than the model expected on average; a negative one means fewer.

Biggest Overachievers

# Team Actual Sim vsSim
1 Small Heath Birmingham 36 25.60 +10.40
2 Darwen 30 20.15 +9.85
3 Sheffield United 35 25.87 +9.13
4 Grimsby Town 23 23.15 -0.15
5 Northwich Victoria 20 20.81 -0.81

Biggest Disappointments

# Team Actual Sim vsSim
1 Walsall Town Swifts 13 20.08 -7.08
2 Crewe Alexandra 15 20.17 -5.17
3 Lincoln City 17 21.67 -4.67
4 Port Vale 15 19.66 -4.66
5 Burton Swifts 20 22.70 -2.70

Top Streaks

Ranked by model unlikelihood — the product of pregame W/D/L probabilities over the games in each team's streak. A short streak by a poor team can outrank a longer one by a strong team since the poor team's per-game probabilities were lower going in. Unbeaten counts W or D consecutively; Winless counts L or D consecutively.

Most Unlikely Winning Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Sheffield United 8 Feb 6 – Apr 12 1 in 748
2 Darwen 4 Sep 17 – Oct 8 1 in 335
3 Small Heath Birmingham 9 Dec 17 – Apr 1 1 in 251
4 Ardwick 4 Sep 3 – Sep 17 1 in 48
5 Burton Swifts 4 Sep 3 – Oct 1 1 in 37

Most Unlikely Losing Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Walsall Town Swifts 5 Sep 3 – Oct 1 1 in 539
2 Crewe Alexandra 5 Sep 24 – Nov 5 1 in 103
3 Ardwick 5 Dec 24 – Feb 4 1 in 72
4 Port Vale 4 Nov 26 – Dec 17 1 in 47
5 Grimsby Town 3 Sep 10 – Sep 27 1 in 26

Most Unlikely Unbeaten Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Sheffield United 15 Nov 26 – Apr 15 1 in 450
2 Small Heath Birmingham 9 Dec 17 – Apr 1 1 in 14
3 Ardwick 6 Sep 3 – Oct 1 1 in 10
4 Darwen 5 Nov 5 – Dec 10 1 in 8
5 Burton Swifts 4 Sep 3 – Oct 1 1 in 7

Most Unlikely Winless Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Bootle 9 Sep 17 – Dec 3 1 in 41
2 Walsall Town Swifts 8 Nov 26 – Feb 11 1 in 34
3 Port Vale 6 Nov 5 – Dec 17 1 in 28
4 Burton Swifts 7 Feb 6 – Apr 1 1 in 20
5 Crewe Alexandra 5 Sep 24 – Nov 5 1 in 11

Finish Position Heatmap

Each cell is the probability — across 100,000 simulations — that the team (row) finished at that position (column). Rows are sorted by actual finish (champion at top, bottom of the table at the bottom).

Team123456789101112
Small Heath Birmingham28.43%20.30%14.55%10.52%7.56%5.61%4.39%3.00%2.33%1.59%1.06%0.66%
Sheffield United30.48%20.00%13.82%10.21%7.90%5.60%4.06%3.02%2.08%1.49%0.93%0.41%
Darwen2.22%3.77%5.64%6.70%7.67%9.06%9.14%10.30%11.11%11.73%11.10%11.56%
Grimsby Town8.67%11.39%11.69%11.50%10.83%10.04%8.83%7.52%6.65%5.51%4.47%2.90%
Ardwick9.89%12.78%12.64%12.23%11.14%9.39%8.56%7.21%5.68%4.53%3.76%2.19%
Burton Swifts7.08%9.73%10.83%10.69%10.37%10.49%9.42%8.39%7.51%6.48%5.38%3.63%
Northwich Victoria2.64%4.02%5.74%6.85%7.89%8.87%10.23%10.17%10.75%11.22%10.82%10.80%
Bootle2.41%3.87%5.55%7.02%7.87%8.76%9.96%10.05%10.71%11.29%11.53%10.98%
Lincoln City4.08%5.89%8.21%9.07%10.01%10.04%10.07%10.24%9.23%8.70%7.46%7.00%
Crewe Alexandra1.66%3.20%4.09%5.67%6.96%7.35%8.85%9.89%10.93%12.52%13.35%15.53%
Port Vale1.16%2.27%3.60%4.45%5.41%7.15%8.08%9.86%11.26%12.87%16.13%17.76%
Walsall Town Swifts1.28%2.78%3.64%5.09%6.39%7.64%8.41%10.35%11.76%12.07%14.01%16.58%

Points Required Per Position

The empirical CDF of simulated point totals per finishing position. Each curve shows, for one position (1st, 2nd, ..., last), the spread of point totals teams accumulated across simulations. Reading the curve at the 50% mark gives the median points typically needed to finish at that position. Steep curves mean the position is tightly clustered around a particular point range; shallow curves mean the position came with a wide variety of point totals.

Points Totals in Context

How did each team's actual results compare to their simulated points, Elo rating, average opponent Elo, and percentile within simulated outcomes? Use the buttons to switch between views. In each chart, dashed crosshairs at the league means split the plot into four quadrants: pastel green (team did well, model agreed), pastel red (team did poorly, model agreed), and pastel yellow (model and reality disagreed).

Season Trends

How each metric evolved across the season - Elo rating, actual and projected points, title/promotion probability, and relegation probability - day by day.

Edges & Scoring

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Home Edge
Share of matches won by the home team minus the share won by the away team.
No Edge: under 5% * Slight Edge: 5% to 15% * Clear Edge: 15% to 25% * Strong Edge: 25% and up.
Elo Value
Number of Elo rating points one goal is worth. A team this many Elo points better than another is expected to win by one goal on a neutral field.
Scoring Tilt
Average home goals minus average away goals per match. The gold line is the home goals edge implied by the scoring value of an Elo point and the home-field Elo bonus.
Road-Tilted: under -0.2 * Neutral: -0.2 to 0.5 * Home-Tilted: 0.5 to 1.2 * Strong Home: 1.2 and up.
Home Edge
HomeDrawAway
+41.67%
Strong Edge
65.15%11.36%23.48%
Elo Value
Home Edge
114 Elo
0.009 goals per Elo point
0154.14300
Scoring Tilt
Expected
+1.25 goals
Strong Home
-2+1.35+2

Title Race

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Title-Race Openness
Effective number of teams with a live shot at finishing 1st, from the simulation. 1 means the favorite is a near-lock; larger means a wide-open race. Equal to 1 divided by the sum of squared title odds.
One-Team Race: under 2 * Top-Heavy: 2 to 4 * Open: 4 to 6 * Wide Open: 6 and up.
Title Margin
Points-per-game gap between the champion and the runner-up. Shown per game so it reads the same across long and short seasons. The gold line is the winning margin the model expected, so a dot to the right means a more one-sided race than projected. A title won on goal difference shows 0.00.
Photo Finish: under 0.15 * Tight Race: 0.15 to 0.4 * Comfortable: 0.4 to 0.75 * Runaway: 0.75 and up.
Title-Race Openness
5.0
Open
124610
Title Margin
Expected
0.05/gm
Photo Finish
00.100.5/gm

Simulation-Based Surprises

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Luck Spread
Standard deviation of the gap between each team's actual points and their simulated average points. The gold line is the spread the model expected from chance alone.
As Expected: under 2.91 * Some Luck: 2.91 to 4.37 * Lucky: 4.37 to 5.82 * Wild Swing: 5.82 and up.
Average Finish Error
Average gap between where each team was projected to finish and where they actually finished in the table.
Pinpoint: under 2.21 * Close: 2.21 to 3.31 * Off: 3.31 to 4.42 * Way Off: 4.42 and up.
Biggest Overachiever
The team that finished highest inside its own range of simulated outcomes. The gold line is where the top team in a league of 12 typically lands.
Biggest Underachiever
The team that finished lowest inside its own range of simulated outcomes. The gold line is where the bottom team in a league of 12 typically lands.
Season Outliers
Number of teams that finished above the 95th or below the 5th percentile of their own simulated range. Even a well-calibrated model expects about 10% of teams in the extremes.
Minimal Outliers: under 12 * As Expected: 12 to 19.2 * Several Outliers: 19.2 to 26.4 * Many Outliers: 26.4 and up.
Unexpected Relegations
Number of teams that were actually relegated but were not in the model's projected bottom field of the same size. The gold line is how many the model expected to miss on average.
As Expected: under 0.5 * A Surprise: 0.5 to 0.8 * Several Surprises: 0.8 to 1.1 * Many Surprises: 1.1 and up.
Luck Spread
Expected
5.96 points
Wild Swing
03.649
Average Finish Error
Expected
1.50
Pinpoint
02.766
Biggest Overachiever
Expected 95.83%
99.99%
Small Heath Birmingham
50100
Biggest Underachiever
Expected 4.17%
3.31%
Walsall Town Swifts
050
Season Outliers
Expected
4 of 12
Minimal Outliers
01.26
Unexpected Relegations
Expected
1 of 1
Several Surprises
00.41

Parity

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Gini Index
How evenly points were spread across the league. Lower means a tight, balanced table; higher means a few teams ran off with most of the points.
Balanced: under 0.12 * Even: 0.12 to 0.18 * Top-Heavy: 0.18 to 0.26 * Lopsided: 0.26 and up.
Noll-Scully
How much more spread out the table was than a league where every match is a coin flip. The gold line at 1 is that coin-flip baseline. Above it, real talent gaps stretched the table; below it, the league was tighter than luck alone would produce.
Coin-Flip Parity: under 1 * Moderate Separation: 1 to 1.6 * Strong Separation: 1.6 to 2.2 * Wide Separation: 2.2 and up.
Interquartile Edge
Chance the team at the 75th percentile of Elo would beat the team at the 25th percentile on a neutral field. Higher means a bigger gap between the upper and lower half of the table.
Even: under 60% * Slight Edge: 60% to 70% * Clear Edge: 70% to 80% * Wide Edge: 80% and up.
Best vs. Worst
Chance the top-rated team would beat the bottom-rated team on a neutral field. The gold line is how large that gap tends to be in a league of this size; a dot to the right flags an unusually dominant or unusually weak team.
Even: under 70% * Clear Edge: 70% to 82% * Strong Edge: 82% to 92% * Dominant: 92% and up.
Close Games
Share of matches decided by 1 goal or fewer, draws included. The gold line is how many close games the matchups and the scoring value of an Elo point predict.
Few: under 30% * Some Drama: 30% to 40% * Frequent: 40% to 50% * Very Frequent: 50% and up.
Blowouts
Share of matches decided by 3 goals or more. The gold line is how many routs the matchups and the scoring model predict.
Rare: under 8% * Occasional: 8% to 14% * Frequent: 14% to 22% * Very Frequent: 22% and up.
Gini Index
0.18
Top-Heavy
00.120.180.260.5
Noll-Scully
Coin-flip
1.64
Strong Separation
01.003
Interquartile Edge
62%
Slight Edge
50%60%70%80%100%
Best vs. Worst
Baseline
85%
Strong Edge
50%87%100%
Close Games
Expected
38%
Some Drama
0%38%100%
Blowouts
Expected
36%
Very Frequent
0%40%100%

Predictability

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Brier Score
How close the pregame probabilities landed to the actual result, averaged over the season. Confident, correct calls are rewarded most; confident misses are punished most. Lower is better; since draws are possible, a score under 0.66 beats guessing the base rate.
Highly Predictable: under 0.56 * Predictable: 0.56 to 0.62 * Hard to Predict: 0.62 to 0.66 * Coin-Flip: 0.66 and up.
Matchup Imbalance
How lopsided the matchups were on paper, averaging the gap between the two win probabilities over their sum. 0 means every match was a toss-up; 1 means every match was a heavy favorite against a big underdog.
Very Even: under 0.1 * Slight Separation: 0.1 to 0.18 * Notable Separation: 0.18 to 0.28 * Lopsided: 0.28 and up.
Strangeness
How wild the final table was versus what the model expected. A value of 1 means teams landed about one standard deviation from their projections on average. Above 1 is a stranger season; below 1 hugged the projections.
Very Predictable: under 0.8 * As Expected: 0.8 to 1.1 * Wilder Than Modeled: 1.1 to 1.4 * Chaotic: 1.4 and up.
Repeatability
How closely the final table order matched the preseason Elo order, by Spearman rank correlation. Higher means last season's ratings strongly predicted this season's finish. Shows N/A for an inaugural season.
Weak Carryover: under 0.3 * Some Carryover: 0.3 to 0.6 * Strong Carryover: 0.6 to 0.85 * Near-Lock: 0.85 and up.
Upset Rate
Share of matches the underdog won. The gold line is how often the model expected underdogs to win; a dot to the right means upsets ran hotter than expected.
Chalky: under 25% * As Expected: 25% to 33% * Upset-Prone: 33% to 42% * Very Upset-Prone: 42% and up.
Clear Favorite Upset Rate
Share of matches the underdog won, counting only games with a clear favorite (at least 60% likely to win once a draw is set aside). The gold line is how often the model expected these favorites to slip.
Solid Favorites: under 15% * As Expected: 15% to 25% * Shaky Favorites: 25% to 35% * Very Shaky: 35% and up.
Brier Score
Expected
0.49
Highly Predictable
00.542
Matchup Imbalance
0.53
Lopsided
00.10.180.280.5
Strangeness
Expected
2.72
Chaotic
01.002
Repeatability
-0.31
Weak Carryover
00.30.60.851
Upset Rate
Expected
22%
Chalky
0%19%50%
Clear Favorite Upset Rate
Expected
19%
As Expected
0%18%50%

Calibration

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Probability calibration
An all-in-one chi-square test of the model's probabilities. Matches are grouped by how confident the model was, and within each group the predicted and actual counts of home wins, draws, and away wins are compared. The p-value is plotted; above 0.05 means well-calibrated.
Miscalibrated: under 0.05 * Borderline: 0.05 to 0.1 * Well Calibrated: 0.1 to 0.5 * Excellent: 0.5 and up.
Calibration slope
Checks whether the spread of the probabilities is right. Each probability is turned into log-odds and a line is fit predicting the actual results. A slope of 1.00 is perfect; below 1 is overconfidence (favorites lost more than their odds implied); above 1 is under-confidence.
Overconfident: under 0.85 * Calibrated: 0.85 to 1.15 * Underconfident: 1.15 to 1.3 * Very Underconfident: 1.3 and up.
Calibration error (ECE)
The average gap between the model's stated chances and how often the predicted result actually happened. Smaller is better. The gold line is the noise ceiling, the error luck alone can produce even with perfect probabilities; below it, the model's error is no larger than chance.
Well Within Noise: under 0.11 * Near Noise Ceiling: 0.11 to 0.16 * Above Noise: 0.16 to 0.22 * Well Above Noise: 0.22 and up.
Probability calibration
0.11
Well Calibrated
0.010.050.10.51
Calibration slope
Ideal
1.71
Very Underconfident
0.07205481.001.92795
Calibration error (ECE)
Noise ceiling
0.088
Well Within Noise
00.1080.25

Next-Season Status

Across 100,000 regular-season simulations, the probability of each team's next-season status. Columns appear in best-to-worst outcome order: promotion-positive on the left, relegation-positive on the right. Cells with darker shading indicate higher likelihood.

Team Lost promotion playoff Same level Direct relegation
Darwen 100%
Sheffield United 100%
Small Heath Birmingham 100%
Ardwick 35.31% 48.53% 16.16%
Grimsby Town 31.75% 48.72% 19.53%
Burton Swifts 27.64% 49.36% 23.00%
Lincoln City 18.18% 49.43% 32.39%
Northwich Victoria 12.40% 44.01% 43.59%
Bootle 11.83% 43.66% 44.51%
Crewe Alexandra 8.95% 38.72% 52.33%
Walsall Town Swifts 7.70% 37.88% 54.42%
Port Vale 7.03% 34.95% 58.02%

Overall Game Log

Summary of every completed game this season. Sort any column by clicking its header.

Date Opponent Score Pre Elo Opp Elo Win % Tie % Loss % Elo Δ Points
1892-09-03 Port Vale W 5-1 1691 1691 62.52% 19.91% 17.57% +9.9 2
1892-09-03 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 1-5 1691 1691 17.57% 19.91% 62.52% -9.9 0
1892-09-03 Crewe Alexandra W 7-1 1691 1691 62.52% 19.91% 17.57% +14.3 2
1892-09-03 @ Burton Swifts L 1-7 1691 1691 17.57% 19.91% 62.52% -14.3 0
1892-09-03 Northwich Victoria W 2-1 1691 1691 62.52% 19.91% 17.57% +3.1 2
1892-09-03 @ Grimsby Town L 1-2 1691 1691 17.57% 19.91% 62.52% -3.1 0
1892-09-03 Bootle W 7-0 1691 1691 62.52% 19.91% 17.57% +20.1 2
1892-09-03 @ Ardwick L 0-7 1691 1691 17.57% 19.91% 62.52% -20.1 0
1892-09-03 Lincoln City W 4-2 1691 1691 62.52% 19.91% 17.57% +4.8 2
1892-09-03 @ Sheffield United L 2-4 1691 1691 17.57% 19.91% 62.52% -4.8 0
1892-09-03 Darwen L 1-2 1691 1568 71.68% 18.74% 9.58% -10.7 0
1892-09-03 @ Walsall Town Swifts W 2-1 1568 1691 9.58% 18.74% 71.68% +10.7 2
1892-09-10 Sheffield United W 2-0 1671 1696 60.17% 20.06% 19.77% +6.9 2
1892-09-10 @ Bootle L 0-2 1696 1671 19.77% 20.06% 60.17% -6.9 2
1892-09-10 Grimsby Town W 1-0 1677 1695 60.90% 20.01% 19.09% +3.6 2
1892-09-10 @ Crewe Alexandra L 0-1 1695 1677 19.09% 20.01% 60.90% -3.6 2
1892-09-10 Ardwick L 0-3 1688 1712 60.34% 20.05% 19.61% -26.2 0
1892-09-10 @ Northwich Victoria W 3-0 1712 1688 19.61% 20.05% 60.34% +26.2 4
1892-09-10 Small Heath Birmingham L 1-3 1681 1701 60.59% 20.03% 19.37% -15.7 0
1892-09-10 @ Walsall Town Swifts W 3-1 1701 1681 19.37% 20.03% 60.59% +15.7 4
1892-09-10 Burton Swifts L 2-3 1579 1706 48.58% 20.33% 31.09% -7.0 2
1892-09-10 @ Darwen W 3-2 1706 1579 31.09% 20.33% 48.58% +7.0 4
1892-09-12 Port Vale W 2-0 1738 1682 67.17% 19.46% 13.37% +4.9 6
1892-09-12 @ Ardwick L 0-2 1682 1738 13.37% 19.46% 67.17% -4.9 0
1892-09-17 Port Vale D 1-1 1678 1677 62.67% 19.90% 17.44% -1.7 3
1892-09-17 @ Bootle D 1-1 1677 1678 17.44% 19.90% 62.67% +1.7 1
1892-09-17 Northwich Victoria W 4-2 1681 1662 64.16% 19.78% 16.06% +4.5 4
1892-09-17 @ Crewe Alexandra L 2-4 1662 1681 16.06% 19.78% 64.16% -4.5 0
1892-09-17 Small Heath Birmingham W 2-0 1689 1717 59.90% 20.07% 20.03% +7.0 4
1892-09-17 @ Sheffield United L 0-2 1717 1689 20.03% 20.07% 59.90% -7.0 4
1892-09-17 Darwen L 0-1 1691 1572 71.42% 18.79% 9.78% -11.3 2
1892-09-17 @ Grimsby Town W 1-0 1572 1691 9.78% 18.79% 71.42% +11.3 4
1892-09-17 Ardwick L 2-4 1665 1743 54.57% 20.27% 25.17% -12.7 0
1892-09-17 @ Walsall Town Swifts W 4-2 1743 1665 25.17% 20.27% 54.57% +12.7 8
1892-09-24 Lincoln City W 4-1 1710 1687 64.57% 19.74% 15.70% +6.9 6
1892-09-24 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 1-4 1687 1710 15.70% 19.74% 64.57% -6.9 0
1892-09-24 Bootle W 2-1 1713 1677 65.62% 19.64% 14.75% +2.7 6
1892-09-24 @ Burton Swifts L 1-2 1677 1713 14.75% 19.64% 65.62% -2.7 3
1892-09-24 Crewe Alexandra W 4-1 1678 1685 61.91% 19.95% 18.14% +7.9 3
1892-09-24 @ Port Vale L 1-4 1685 1678 18.14% 19.95% 61.91% -7.9 4
1892-09-24 Walsall Town Swifts W 5-0 1583 1652 55.54% 20.24% 24.21% +19.4 6
1892-09-24 @ Darwen L 0-5 1652 1583 24.21% 20.24% 55.54% -19.4 0
1892-09-24 Northwich Victoria D 1-1 1755 1658 70.08% 19.04% 10.88% -2.3 9
1892-09-24 @ Ardwick D 1-1 1658 1755 10.88% 19.04% 70.08% +2.3 1
1892-09-27 Grimsby Town W 2-0 1696 1680 64.00% 19.79% 16.21% +5.8 6
1892-09-27 @ Sheffield United L 0-2 1680 1696 16.21% 19.79% 64.00% -5.8 2
1892-10-01 Sheffield United W 1-0 1680 1702 60.41% 20.04% 19.55% +3.7 2
1892-10-01 @ Lincoln City L 0-1 1702 1680 19.55% 20.04% 60.41% -3.6 6
1892-10-01 Burton Swifts L 2-4 1677 1715 58.85% 20.12% 21.03% -13.6 4
1892-10-01 @ Crewe Alexandra W 4-2 1715 1677 21.03% 20.12% 58.85% +13.6 8
1892-10-01 Walsall Town Swifts W 2-0 1753 1633 71.49% 18.78% 9.73% +3.6 11
1892-10-01 @ Ardwick L 0-2 1633 1753 9.73% 18.78% 71.49% -3.6 0
1892-10-01 Small Heath Birmingham W 3-2 1674 1717 58.34% 20.15% 21.51% +3.5 4
1892-10-01 @ Grimsby Town L 2-3 1717 1674 21.51% 20.15% 58.34% -3.5 6
1892-10-01 Darwen L 2-4 1686 1603 69.14% 19.19% 11.67% -16.0 3
1892-10-01 @ Port Vale W 4-2 1603 1686 11.67% 19.19% 69.14% +16.0 8
1892-10-01 Bootle W 3-2 1660 1674 61.23% 19.99% 18.78% +3.1 3
1892-10-01 @ Northwich Victoria L 2-3 1674 1660 18.78% 19.99% 61.23% -3.2 3
1892-10-03 Small Heath Birmingham L 2-3 1729 1713 63.91% 19.80% 16.29% -9.1 8
1892-10-03 @ Burton Swifts W 3-2 1713 1729 16.29% 19.80% 63.91% +9.1 8
1892-10-08 Burton Swifts W 1-0 1670 1720 57.64% 20.17% 22.19% +4.1 5
1892-10-08 @ Port Vale L 0-1 1720 1670 22.19% 20.17% 57.64% -4.1 8
1892-10-08 Ardwick W 3-1 1619 1757 47.13% 20.33% 32.54% +9.2 10
1892-10-08 @ Darwen L 1-3 1757 1619 32.54% 20.33% 47.13% -9.2 11
1892-10-08 Bootle W 3-0 1677 1671 63.12% 19.86% 17.02% +8.8 6
1892-10-08 @ Grimsby Town L 0-3 1671 1677 17.02% 19.86% 63.12% -8.8 3
1892-10-08 Lincoln City W 2-1 1629 1683 57.19% 20.19% 22.62% +3.9 2
1892-10-08 @ Walsall Town Swifts L 1-2 1683 1629 22.62% 20.19% 57.19% -3.9 2
1892-10-08 Crewe Alexandra W 6-0 1722 1664 67.37% 19.43% 13.20% +13.3 10
1892-10-08 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 0-6 1664 1722 13.20% 19.43% 67.37% -13.3 4
1892-10-10 Ardwick L 1-2 1674 1747 55.08% 20.26% 24.66% -8.3 5
1892-10-10 @ Port Vale W 2-1 1747 1674 24.66% 20.26% 55.08% +8.3 13
1892-10-15 Darwen W 2-0 1699 1628 68.23% 19.32% 12.45% +4.5 8
1892-10-15 @ Sheffield United L 0-2 1628 1699 12.45% 19.32% 68.23% -4.5 10
1892-10-22 Crewe Alexandra W 4-1 1663 1650 63.66% 19.82% 16.52% +7.2 5
1892-10-22 @ Northwich Victoria L 1-4 1650 1663 16.52% 19.82% 63.66% -7.2 4
1892-10-22 Small Heath Birmingham D 2-2 1756 1736 64.27% 19.77% 15.96% -1.4 14
1892-10-22 @ Ardwick D 2-2 1736 1756 15.96% 19.77% 64.27% +1.4 11
1892-10-22 Grimsby Town W 3-1 1633 1686 57.30% 20.19% 22.52% +6.7 4
1892-10-22 @ Walsall Town Swifts L 1-3 1686 1633 22.52% 20.19% 57.30% -6.7 6
1892-10-22 Port Vale L 3-4 1679 1666 63.71% 19.81% 16.48% -8.8 2
1892-10-22 @ Lincoln City W 4-3 1666 1679 16.48% 19.81% 63.71% +8.8 7
1892-10-22 Bootle W 3-0 1623 1662 58.80% 20.13% 21.07% +10.7 12
1892-10-22 @ Darwen L 0-3 1662 1623 21.07% 20.13% 58.80% -10.7 3
1892-10-29 Darwen W 3-2 1737 1634 70.43% 18.98% 10.59% +1.8 13
1892-10-29 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 2-3 1634 1737 10.59% 18.98% 70.43% -1.8 12
1892-11-05 Port Vale W 4-1 1632 1675 58.38% 20.14% 21.48% +9.1 14
1892-11-05 @ Darwen L 1-4 1675 1632 21.48% 20.14% 58.38% -9.1 7
1892-11-05 Small Heath Birmingham L 1-4 1651 1739 53.39% 20.29% 26.32% -19.7 3
1892-11-05 @ Bootle W 4-1 1739 1651 26.32% 20.29% 53.39% +19.7 15
1892-11-05 Northwich Victoria W 2-0 1716 1670 66.36% 19.56% 14.08% +5.1 10
1892-11-05 @ Burton Swifts L 0-2 1670 1716 14.08% 19.56% 66.36% -5.1 5
1892-11-05 Walsall Town Swifts L 5-6 1643 1640 62.80% 19.89% 17.32% -8.5 4
1892-11-05 @ Crewe Alexandra W 6-5 1640 1643 17.32% 19.89% 62.80% +8.5 6
1892-11-05 Ardwick W 2-0 1680 1754 54.88% 20.26% 24.85% +8.5 8
1892-11-05 @ Grimsby Town L 0-2 1754 1680 24.85% 20.26% 54.88% -8.5 14
1892-11-12 Darwen D 1-1 1671 1641 65.05% 19.69% 15.26% -1.9 3
1892-11-12 @ Lincoln City D 1-1 1641 1671 15.26% 19.69% 65.05% +1.9 15
1892-11-12 Burton Swifts W 3-2 1759 1721 65.73% 19.62% 14.64% +2.5 17
1892-11-12 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 2-3 1721 1759 14.64% 19.62% 65.73% -2.5 10
1892-11-12 Bootle D 0-0 1666 1632 65.45% 19.65% 14.90% -2.2 8
1892-11-12 @ Port Vale D 0-0 1632 1666 14.90% 19.65% 65.45% +2.2 4
1892-11-19 Sheffield United W 3-1 1643 1703 56.56% 20.21% 23.23% +6.9 17
1892-11-19 @ Darwen L 1-3 1703 1643 23.23% 20.21% 56.56% -6.9 8
1892-11-26 Walsall Town Swifts W 5-2 1665 1649 64.00% 19.79% 16.21% +6.2 7
1892-11-26 @ Northwich Victoria L 2-5 1649 1665 16.21% 19.79% 64.00% -6.2 6
1892-11-26 Bootle W 8-3 1696 1634 67.63% 19.40% 12.97% +6.9 10
1892-11-26 @ Sheffield United L 3-8 1634 1696 12.97% 19.40% 67.63% -6.9 4
1892-11-26 Burton Swifts D 1-1 1746 1719 64.89% 19.71% 15.40% -1.9 15
1892-11-26 @ Ardwick D 1-1 1719 1746 15.40% 19.71% 64.89% +1.9 11
1892-11-26 Port Vale W 5-0 1635 1664 59.77% 20.08% 20.16% +16.5 6
1892-11-26 @ Crewe Alexandra L 0-5 1664 1635 20.16% 20.08% 59.77% -16.5 8
1892-12-03 Northwich Victoria L 2-5 1627 1671 58.19% 20.15% 21.66% -18.5 4
1892-12-03 @ Bootle W 5-2 1671 1627 21.66% 20.15% 58.19% +18.5 9
1892-12-03 Lincoln City L 1-2 1647 1669 60.49% 20.04% 19.47% -9.1 8
1892-12-03 @ Port Vale W 2-1 1669 1647 19.47% 20.04% 60.49% +9.0 5
1892-12-03 Crewe Alexandra W 7-3 1650 1651 62.44% 19.91% 17.64% +7.7 19
1892-12-03 @ Darwen L 3-7 1651 1650 17.64% 19.91% 62.44% -7.7 6
1892-12-03 Sheffield United D 1-1 1761 1703 67.32% 19.44% 13.24% -2.1 18
1892-12-03 @ Small Heath Birmingham D 1-1 1703 1761 13.24% 19.44% 67.32% +2.1 11
1892-12-03 Burton Swifts W 4-0 1688 1720 59.42% 20.10% 20.48% +13.6 10
1892-12-03 @ Grimsby Town L 0-4 1720 1688 20.48% 20.10% 59.42% -13.6 11
1892-12-10 Small Heath Birmingham W 4-3 1658 1759 51.78% 20.32% 27.91% +4.3 21
1892-12-10 @ Darwen L 3-4 1759 1658 27.91% 20.32% 51.78% -4.3 18
1892-12-10 Sheffield United L 0-10 1638 1705 55.75% 20.24% 24.02% -75.6 8
1892-12-10 @ Port Vale W 10-0 1705 1638 24.02% 20.24% 55.75% +75.6 13
1892-12-17 Walsall Town Swifts W 12-0 1755 1642 71.02% 18.87% 10.11% +20.0 20
1892-12-17 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 0-12 1642 1755 10.11% 18.87% 71.02% -20.0 6
1892-12-17 Lincoln City W 4-2 1707 1678 65.04% 19.69% 15.27% +4.3 13
1892-12-17 @ Burton Swifts L 2-4 1678 1707 15.27% 19.69% 65.04% -4.3 5
1892-12-17 Grimsby Town W 3-1 1608 1702 52.74% 20.30% 26.95% +7.8 6
1892-12-17 @ Bootle L 1-3 1702 1608 26.95% 20.30% 52.74% -7.8 10
1892-12-17 Darwen W 4-2 1744 1662 69.01% 19.21% 11.78% +3.3 17
1892-12-17 @ Ardwick L 2-4 1662 1744 11.78% 19.21% 69.01% -3.3 21
1892-12-17 Port Vale W 4-0 1781 1562 76.64% 17.44% 5.92% +4.1 15
1892-12-17 @ Sheffield United L 0-4 1562 1781 5.92% 17.44% 76.64% -4.1 8
1892-12-24 Crewe Alexandra W 4-0 1694 1643 66.72% 19.51% 13.76% +9.5 12
1892-12-24 @ Grimsby Town L 0-4 1643 1694 13.76% 19.51% 66.72% -9.5 6
1892-12-24 Bootle D 4-4 1622 1616 63.07% 19.87% 17.06% -1.0 7
1892-12-24 @ Walsall Town Swifts D 4-4 1616 1622 17.06% 19.87% 63.07% +1.0 7
1892-12-24 Ardwick W 2-1 1674 1747 55.00% 20.26% 24.74% +4.2 7
1892-12-24 @ Lincoln City L 1-2 1747 1674 24.74% 20.26% 55.00% -4.2 17
1892-12-24 Small Heath Birmingham L 0-6 1690 1775 53.72% 20.29% 25.99% -44.9 9
1892-12-24 @ Northwich Victoria W 6-0 1775 1690 25.99% 20.29% 53.72% +44.9 22
1892-12-24 Darwen L 0-2 1711 1659 66.87% 19.50% 13.63% -20.0 13
1892-12-24 @ Burton Swifts W 2-0 1659 1711 13.63% 19.50% 66.87% +20.0 23
1892-12-26 Crewe Alexandra D 1-1 1678 1634 66.22% 19.57% 14.21% -2.0 8
1892-12-26 @ Lincoln City D 1-1 1634 1678 14.21% 19.57% 66.22% +2.0 7
1892-12-31 Lincoln City W 2-1 1645 1676 59.60% 20.09% 20.31% +3.6 11
1892-12-31 @ Northwich Victoria L 1-2 1676 1645 20.31% 20.09% 59.60% -3.5 8
1892-12-31 Walsall Town Swifts W 3-0 1558 1621 56.19% 20.22% 23.58% +11.8 10
1892-12-31 @ Port Vale L 0-3 1621 1558 23.58% 20.22% 56.19% -11.8 7
1892-12-31 Darwen W 5-1 1617 1679 56.35% 20.22% 23.43% +12.7 9
1892-12-31 @ Bootle L 1-5 1679 1617 23.43% 20.22% 56.35% -12.7 23
1892-12-31 Small Heath Birmingham L 1-3 1636 1820 40.85% 20.25% 38.90% -11.0 7
1892-12-31 @ Crewe Alexandra W 3-1 1820 1636 38.90% 20.25% 40.85% +11.0 24
1893-01-07 Bootle W 2-1 1625 1630 62.07% 19.94% 17.99% +3.2 9
1893-01-07 @ Crewe Alexandra L 1-2 1630 1625 17.99% 19.94% 62.07% -3.2 9
1893-01-07 Walsall Town Swifts W 3-0 1785 1610 74.57% 18.07% 7.36% +3.9 17
1893-01-07 @ Sheffield United L 0-3 1610 1785 7.36% 18.07% 74.57% -3.9 7
1893-01-07 Small Heath Birmingham L 3-4 1672 1831 44.35% 20.31% 35.34% -6.3 8
1893-01-07 @ Lincoln City W 4-3 1831 1672 35.34% 20.31% 44.35% +6.3 26
1893-01-07 Grimsby Town W 5-3 1649 1703 57.12% 20.19% 22.69% +5.7 13
1893-01-07 @ Northwich Victoria L 3-5 1703 1649 22.69% 20.19% 57.12% -5.7 12
1893-01-14 Port Vale W 2-0 1697 1570 71.93% 18.69% 9.37% +3.5 14
1893-01-14 @ Grimsby Town L 0-2 1570 1697 9.37% 18.69% 71.93% -3.4 10
1893-01-14 Northwich Victoria W 6-2 1837 1654 74.94% 17.96% 7.09% +3.5 28
1893-01-14 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 2-6 1654 1837 7.09% 17.96% 74.94% -3.5 13
1893-01-14 Ardwick W 2-0 1691 1743 57.40% 20.18% 22.42% +7.8 15
1893-01-14 @ Burton Swifts L 0-2 1743 1691 22.42% 20.18% 57.40% -7.8 17
1893-01-14 Crewe Alexandra D 3-3 1606 1628 60.41% 20.04% 19.54% -1.0 8
1893-01-14 @ Walsall Town Swifts D 3-3 1628 1606 19.54% 20.04% 60.41% +1.0 10
1893-01-14 Lincoln City W 3-1 1666 1666 62.55% 19.90% 17.54% +5.4 25
1893-01-14 @ Darwen L 1-3 1666 1666 17.54% 19.90% 62.55% -5.4 8
1893-01-21 Ardwick W 5-3 1627 1735 50.87% 20.32% 28.80% +7.0 11
1893-01-21 @ Bootle L 3-5 1735 1627 28.80% 20.32% 50.87% -7.0 17
1893-01-23 Northwich Victoria D 1-1 1789 1651 72.55% 18.56% 8.89% -2.5 18
1893-01-23 @ Sheffield United D 1-1 1651 1789 8.89% 18.56% 72.55% +2.5 14
1893-01-28 Lincoln City W 4-1 1629 1660 59.53% 20.09% 20.38% +8.7 12
1893-01-28 @ Crewe Alexandra L 1-4 1660 1629 20.38% 20.09% 59.53% -8.7 8
1893-01-30 Grimsby Town L 0-3 1728 1701 64.90% 19.71% 15.39% -28.2 17
1893-01-30 @ Ardwick W 3-0 1701 1728 15.39% 19.71% 64.90% +28.2 16
1893-02-04 Walsall Town Swifts W 3-2 1699 1605 69.85% 19.08% 11.08% +1.9 17
1893-02-04 @ Burton Swifts L 2-3 1605 1699 11.08% 19.08% 69.85% -1.9 8
1893-02-04 Ardwick W 4-1 1638 1700 56.28% 20.22% 23.49% +9.9 14
1893-02-04 @ Crewe Alexandra L 1-4 1700 1638 23.49% 20.22% 56.28% -9.9 17
1893-02-06 Burton Swifts W 3-1 1786 1701 69.27% 19.17% 11.56% +3.7 20
1893-02-06 @ Sheffield United L 1-3 1701 1786 11.56% 19.17% 69.27% -3.7 17
1893-02-11 Burton Swifts W 5-1 1652 1697 58.10% 20.16% 21.75% +11.9 10
1893-02-11 @ Lincoln City L 1-5 1697 1652 21.75% 20.16% 58.10% -11.9 17
1893-02-11 Northwich Victoria L 2-3 1603 1653 57.55% 20.18% 22.27% -8.2 8
1893-02-11 @ Walsall Town Swifts W 3-2 1653 1603 22.27% 20.18% 57.55% +8.2 16
1893-02-11 Grimsby Town L 0-1 1567 1729 43.81% 20.30% 35.89% -7.2 10
1893-02-11 @ Port Vale W 1-0 1729 1567 35.89% 20.30% 43.81% +7.1 18
1893-02-14 Northwich Victoria W 3-1 1672 1662 63.42% 19.84% 16.74% +5.2 27
1893-02-14 @ Darwen L 1-3 1662 1672 16.74% 19.84% 63.42% -5.2 16
1893-02-18 Lincoln City D 2-2 1736 1664 68.37% 19.30% 12.33% -1.6 19
1893-02-18 @ Grimsby Town D 2-2 1664 1736 12.33% 19.30% 68.37% +1.6 11
1893-02-18 Port Vale W 3-0 1595 1560 65.54% 19.64% 14.82% +7.8 10
1893-02-18 @ Walsall Town Swifts L 0-3 1560 1595 14.82% 19.64% 65.54% -7.8 10
1893-02-18 Bootle W 6-2 1840 1634 76.11% 17.62% 6.28% +3.1 30
1893-02-18 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 2-6 1634 1840 6.28% 17.62% 76.11% -3.1 11
1893-02-18 Crewe Alexandra W 3-1 1690 1648 66.12% 19.58% 14.30% +4.5 19
1893-02-18 @ Ardwick L 1-3 1648 1690 14.30% 19.58% 66.12% -4.5 14
1893-02-18 Sheffield United L 1-3 1656 1790 47.67% 20.33% 31.99% -12.6 16
1893-02-18 @ Northwich Victoria W 3-1 1790 1656 31.99% 20.33% 47.67% +12.5 22
1893-02-25 Burton Swifts W 3-2 1631 1685 57.13% 20.19% 22.68% +3.7 13
1893-02-25 @ Bootle L 2-3 1685 1631 22.68% 20.19% 57.13% -3.7 17
1893-02-25 Grimsby Town W 8-3 1844 1735 70.81% 18.91% 10.28% +5.5 32
1893-02-25 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 3-8 1735 1844 10.28% 18.91% 70.81% -5.5 19
1893-02-25 Darwen D 2-2 1643 1677 59.31% 20.10% 20.58% -1.1 15
1893-02-25 @ Crewe Alexandra D 2-2 1677 1643 20.58% 20.10% 59.31% +1.1 28
1893-02-25 Northwich Victoria W 5-1 1665 1644 64.41% 19.75% 15.84% +9.0 13
1893-02-25 @ Lincoln City L 1-5 1644 1665 15.84% 19.75% 64.41% -9.0 16
1893-03-04 Grimsby Town L 1-3 1674 1729 57.10% 20.19% 22.71% -14.8 13
1893-03-04 @ Lincoln City W 3-1 1729 1674 22.71% 20.19% 57.10% +14.8 21
1893-03-04 Sheffield United L 2-3 1695 1803 50.95% 20.32% 28.72% -7.3 19
1893-03-04 @ Ardwick W 3-2 1803 1695 28.72% 20.32% 50.95% +7.3 24
1893-03-04 Northwich Victoria W 4-0 1552 1635 53.93% 20.28% 25.79% +16.6 12
1893-03-04 @ Port Vale L 0-4 1635 1552 25.79% 20.28% 53.93% -16.6 16
1893-03-04 Burton Swifts W 3-2 1602 1682 54.40% 20.27% 25.33% +4.1 12
1893-03-04 @ Walsall Town Swifts L 2-3 1682 1602 25.33% 20.27% 54.40% -4.1 17
1893-03-18 Crewe Alexandra W 4-0 1810 1642 74.18% 18.17% 7.65% +5.3 26
1893-03-18 @ Sheffield United L 0-4 1642 1810 7.65% 18.17% 74.18% -5.3 15
1893-03-18 Grimsby Town W 6-1 1678 1744 55.86% 20.23% 23.90% +15.9 30
1893-03-18 @ Darwen L 1-6 1744 1678 23.90% 20.23% 55.86% -15.9 21
1893-03-18 Walsall Town Swifts W 7-1 1634 1607 64.94% 19.70% 15.36% +12.7 15
1893-03-18 @ Bootle L 1-7 1607 1634 15.36% 19.70% 64.94% -12.7 12
1893-03-18 Port Vale D 3-3 1677 1568 70.82% 18.91% 10.28% -1.5 18
1893-03-18 @ Burton Swifts D 3-3 1568 1677 10.28% 18.91% 70.82% +1.5 13
1893-03-25 Burton Swifts W 2-1 1618 1676 56.79% 20.21% 23.01% +4.0 18
1893-03-25 @ Northwich Victoria L 1-2 1676 1618 23.01% 20.21% 56.79% -4.0 18
1893-03-25 Ardwick W 2-1 1815 1687 71.96% 18.69% 9.36% +1.7 28
1893-03-25 @ Sheffield United L 1-2 1687 1815 9.36% 18.69% 71.96% -1.7 19
1893-03-25 Crewe Alexandra W 2-1 1647 1637 63.44% 19.84% 16.72% +3.0 17
1893-03-25 @ Bootle L 1-2 1637 1647 16.72% 19.84% 63.44% -3.0 15
1893-03-25 Small Heath Birmingham L 0-3 1570 1849 28.24% 19.72% 52.03% -13.6 13
1893-03-25 @ Port Vale W 3-0 1849 1570 52.03% 19.72% 28.24% +13.6 34
1893-03-31 Sheffield United L 0-1 1728 1817 53.25% 20.29% 26.45% -8.5 21
1893-03-31 @ Grimsby Town W 1-0 1817 1728 26.45% 20.29% 53.25% +8.5 30
1893-03-31 Walsall Town Swifts W 3-1 1660 1594 67.87% 19.37% 12.76% +4.0 15
1893-03-31 @ Lincoln City L 1-3 1594 1660 12.76% 19.37% 67.87% -4.0 12
1893-04-01 Bootle W 5-1 1664 1650 63.72% 19.81% 16.47% +9.3 17
1893-04-01 @ Lincoln City L 1-5 1650 1664 16.47% 19.81% 63.72% -9.3 17
1893-04-01 Ardwick W 3-2 1863 1686 74.66% 18.04% 7.30% +1.3 36
1893-04-01 @ Small Heath Birmingham L 2-3 1686 1863 7.30% 18.04% 74.66% -1.3 19
1893-04-01 Sheffield United L 0-3 1672 1825 45.04% 20.31% 34.65% -20.0 18
1893-04-01 @ Burton Swifts W 3-0 1825 1672 34.65% 20.31% 45.04% +20.0 32
1893-04-01 Walsall Town Swifts W 3-0 1720 1590 72.07% 18.66% 9.27% +5.0 23
1893-04-01 @ Grimsby Town L 0-3 1590 1720 9.27% 18.66% 72.07% -4.9 12
1893-04-08 Grimsby Town W 5-1 1652 1725 55.13% 20.25% 24.61% +13.3 20
1893-04-08 @ Burton Swifts L 1-5 1725 1652 24.61% 20.25% 55.13% -13.3 23
1893-04-08 Lincoln City W 3-1 1684 1673 63.56% 19.83% 16.62% +5.1 21
1893-04-08 @ Ardwick L 1-3 1673 1684 16.62% 19.83% 63.56% -5.1 17
1893-04-08 Port Vale L 2-4 1622 1556 67.90% 19.37% 12.73% -15.7 18
1893-04-08 @ Northwich Victoria W 4-2 1556 1622 12.73% 19.37% 67.90% +15.7 15
1893-04-12 Sheffield United L 0-4 1634 1845 36.93% 20.14% 42.93% -22.2 15
1893-04-12 @ Crewe Alexandra W 4-0 1845 1634 42.93% 20.14% 36.93% +22.2 34
1893-04-15 Sheffield United D 1-1 1585 1868 27.84% 19.70% 52.47% +0.9 13
1893-04-15 @ Walsall Town Swifts D 1-1 1868 1585 52.47% 19.70% 27.84% -0.9 35
1893-04-15 Lincoln City W 4-1 1641 1668 59.97% 20.07% 19.96% +8.6 19
1893-04-15 @ Bootle L 1-4 1668 1641 19.96% 20.07% 59.97% -8.6 17
1893-04-15 Darwen W 1-0 1607 1694 53.45% 20.29% 26.26% +4.7 20
1893-04-15 @ Northwich Victoria L 0-1 1694 1607 26.26% 20.29% 53.45% -4.7 30

Biggest Upsets

The 25 games where the underdog won despite the lowest pregame win probability. Underdog Win % is the winner's pregame chance of winning the game (lower = bigger upset). @ before a team name indicates the away side. An asterisk (*) after the date marks a playoff game.

# Date Underdog Win % Winning Team Losing Team
Team Elo Score Team Elo Score
1 1892-09-03 9.58% Darwen 1568 2 @ Walsall Town Swifts 1691 1
2 1892-09-17 9.78% Darwen 1572 1 @ Grimsby Town 1691 0
3 1892-10-01 11.67% Darwen 1603 4 @ Port Vale 1686 2
4 1893-04-08 12.73% Port Vale 1556 4 @ Northwich Victoria 1622 2
5 1892-12-24 13.63% Darwen 1659 2 @ Burton Swifts 1711 0
6 1893-01-30 15.39% Grimsby Town 1701 3 @ Ardwick 1728 0
7 1892-10-03 16.29% Small Heath Birmingham 1713 3 @ Burton Swifts 1729 2
8 1892-10-22 16.48% Port Vale 1666 4 @ Lincoln City 1679 3
9 1892-11-05 17.32% Walsall Town Swifts 1640 6 @ Crewe Alexandra 1643 5
10 1892-09-10 19.37% Small Heath Birmingham 1701 3 @ Walsall Town Swifts 1681 1
11 1892-12-03 19.47% Lincoln City 1669 2 @ Port Vale 1647 1
12 1892-09-10 19.61% Ardwick 1712 3 @ Northwich Victoria 1688 0
13 1892-10-01 21.03% Burton Swifts 1715 4 @ Crewe Alexandra 1677 2
14 1892-12-03 21.66% Northwich Victoria 1671 5 @ Bootle 1627 2
15 1893-02-11 22.27% Northwich Victoria 1653 3 @ Walsall Town Swifts 1603 2
16 1893-03-04 22.71% Grimsby Town 1729 3 @ Lincoln City 1674 1
17 1892-12-10 24.02% Sheffield United 1705 10 @ Port Vale 1638 0
18 1892-10-10 24.66% Ardwick 1747 2 @ Port Vale 1674 1
19 1892-09-17 25.17% Ardwick 1743 4 @ Walsall Town Swifts 1665 2
20 1892-12-24 25.99% Small Heath Birmingham 1775 6 @ Northwich Victoria 1690 0
21 1892-11-05 26.32% Small Heath Birmingham 1739 4 @ Bootle 1651 1
22 1893-03-31 26.45% Sheffield United 1817 1 @ Grimsby Town 1728 0
23 1893-03-04 28.72% Sheffield United 1803 3 @ Ardwick 1695 2
24 1892-09-10 31.09% Burton Swifts 1706 3 @ Darwen 1579 2
25 1893-02-18 31.99% Sheffield United 1790 3 @ Northwich Victoria 1656 1

Biggest Elo Changes

The 25 games that resulted in the largest shift in Elo rating.

# Date Elo Δ Winning Team Losing Team Tie %
Team Score Elo Win % Team Score Elo Win %
1 1892-12-10 75.63 Sheffield United 10 1705 24.02% @ Port Vale 0 1638 55.75% 20.24%
2 1892-12-24 44.85 Small Heath Birmingham 6 1775 25.99% @ Northwich Victoria 0 1690 53.72% 20.29%
3 1893-01-30 28.18 Grimsby Town 3 1701 15.39% @ Ardwick 0 1728 64.90% 19.71%
4 1892-09-10 26.21 Ardwick 3 1712 19.61% @ Northwich Victoria 0 1688 60.34% 20.05%
5 1893-04-12 22.23 Sheffield United 4 1845 42.93% @ Crewe Alexandra 0 1634 36.93% 20.14%
6 1892-09-03 20.09 @ Ardwick 7 1691 62.52% Bootle 0 1691 17.57% 19.91%
7 1893-04-01 20.04 Sheffield United 3 1825 34.65% @ Burton Swifts 0 1672 45.04% 20.31%
8 1892-12-17 20.03 @ Small Heath Birmingham 12 1755 71.02% Walsall Town Swifts 0 1642 10.11% 18.87%
9 1892-12-24 20.00 Darwen 2 1659 13.63% @ Burton Swifts 0 1711 66.87% 19.50%
10 1892-11-05 19.67 Small Heath Birmingham 4 1739 26.32% @ Bootle 1 1651 53.39% 20.29%
11 1892-09-24 19.36 @ Darwen 5 1583 55.54% Walsall Town Swifts 0 1652 24.21% 20.24%
12 1892-12-03 18.48 Northwich Victoria 5 1671 21.66% @ Bootle 2 1627 58.19% 20.15%
13 1893-03-04 16.57 @ Port Vale 4 1552 53.93% Northwich Victoria 0 1635 25.79% 20.28%
14 1892-11-26 16.51 @ Crewe Alexandra 5 1635 59.77% Port Vale 0 1664 20.16% 20.08%
15 1892-10-01 16.01 Darwen 4 1603 11.67% @ Port Vale 2 1686 69.14% 19.19%
16 1893-03-18 15.86 @ Darwen 6 1678 55.86% Grimsby Town 1 1744 23.90% 20.23%
17 1893-04-08 15.73 Port Vale 4 1556 12.73% @ Northwich Victoria 2 1622 67.90% 19.37%
18 1892-09-10 15.70 Small Heath Birmingham 3 1701 19.37% @ Walsall Town Swifts 1 1681 60.59% 20.03%
19 1893-03-04 14.82 Grimsby Town 3 1729 22.71% @ Lincoln City 1 1674 57.10% 20.19%
20 1892-09-03 14.32 @ Burton Swifts 7 1691 62.52% Crewe Alexandra 1 1691 17.57% 19.91%
21 1892-10-01 13.65 Burton Swifts 4 1715 21.03% @ Crewe Alexandra 2 1677 58.85% 20.12%
22 1892-12-03 13.59 @ Grimsby Town 4 1688 59.42% Burton Swifts 0 1720 20.48% 20.10%
23 1893-03-25 13.58 Small Heath Birmingham 3 1849 52.03% @ Port Vale 0 1570 28.24% 19.72%
24 1892-10-08 13.32 @ Small Heath Birmingham 6 1722 67.37% Crewe Alexandra 0 1664 13.20% 19.43%
25 1893-04-08 13.28 @ Burton Swifts 5 1652 55.13% Grimsby Town 1 1725 24.61% 20.25%